Wellness Routines
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Dynamic stretching

Compared in the reviewR4 · 76 full-text papers, 72 abstract-only

At least one paper behind this review states what this option was measured against. That is not a ranking, and this option carries no evidence profile of its own.

Requirements it fills
  • pre-activity preparation
    Mobility & Flexibility · 40 papers put it here (33 stated, 7 inferred)
  • joint-specific ROM
    Mobility & Flexibility · 18 papers put it here (15 stated, 3 inferred)
  • standalone mobility session
    Mobility & Flexibility · 4 papers put it here (1 stated, 3 inferred)
  • post-activity
    Mobility & Flexibility · 3 papers put it here (2 stated, 1 inferred)
How it is performed
  • Controlled movement through active range of motion.

    David G. Behm, A. Chaouachi (2011) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 10.1007/s00421-011-1879-2
    A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance
  • Not specifically detailed.

    Sandro R Freitas, Sandro R Freitas, Bruno Mendes et al. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports · 10.1111/sms.12957
    Can chronic stretching change the muscle‐tendon mechanical properties? A review
  • Stretching the same muscle groups as DTR, performed slowly and under control to avoid bouncing, for a total of 8 minutes.

    B. Behara, B. Jacobson (2017) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001051
    Acute Effects of Deep Tissue Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretching on Muscular Strength, Power, and Flexibility in Division I Linemen
  • 10 minutes jogging + 5 minutes dynamic stretching; alternating leg movements with 10 repetitions for each leg, repeated twice.

    N. Vasileiou, Y. Michailidis, Stefanos Gourtsoulis, A. Kyranoudis, A. Zakas (2013) · 10.12922/JSHP.0029.2013
    The acute effect of static or dynamic stretching exercises on speed and flexibility of soccer players
  • 30 seconds per muscle group; quadriceps pull, hip cradle, high kicks/reach, skip-hop; performed slowly and continuously; no rest between stretches; 2 sets per muscle group.

    Yasemin Arı, O. Sever, Aslıhan Arslangörür, Asım Tunçel (2021) · Education Quarterly Reviews · 10.31014/aior.1993.04.03.347
    Acute Effects of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Jump Performance of Volleyball Players
  • Performed 15 times on both sides of the body or 15 times in a full body stretch over 3 repetitions, lasting approximately 30 seconds with a rate of one stretch every 2 seconds.

    G. Sorbie, J. Baker, Yaodong Gu, U. Ugbolue (2016) · 10.23937/2469-5718/1510035
    The effect of dynamic and static stretching on golf driving performance
  • Contract target muscle antagonist once every second, stretching the target muscle. Five repetitions for each speed protocol (slow, moderate, as-fast-as-possible). Perform SS followed by DS. Perform DS followed by SS.

    M. Amiri-Khorasani, J. Calleja-González, Mansooreh Mogharabi-Manzari (2016) · Journal of Human Kinetics · 10.1515/hukin-2015-0154
    Acute Effect of Different Combined Stretching Methods on Acceleration and Speed in Soccer Players
  • Passive stretching with alternating dorsiflexion and release for 5 minutes, 150 cycles, 1-0-1-0 seconds cadence.

    K. Warneke, Thomas Rabitsch, Patrik Dobert, Jan Wilke (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 10.1007/s00421-024-05495-2
    The effects of static and dynamic stretching on deep fascia stiffness: a randomized, controlled cross-over study
Dose

Measured in sets × time — derived from the review's own dose_and_time prose.

Dose and time, as the papers state it
  • 12 sets of leg swings in 3 sets, 20 seconds per set, 10 seconds rest, repeated 3 times per limb.

    P. Żmijewski, P. Lipińska, A. Czajkowska, A. Mróz, Paweł Kapuściński, K. Mazurek (2020) · Journal of Human Kinetics · 10.2478/hukin-2019-0043
    Acute Effects of a Static Vs. a Dynamic Stretching Warm-up on Repeated-Sprint Performance in Female Handball Players
  • 20 repetitions per minute for 30 seconds

    Ruixiang Yan, Gesheng Lin, Wuwen Peng et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · 10.1038/s41598-025-00027-0
    Time-dependent effects of acute stretching on power, balance, and flexibility in contemporary dancers: a randomized crossover trial
  • - Dose: 30 seconds per set, repeated for 5 sets - Hold duration per stretch: 1 second - Repetitions: 5 sets - Total time per muscle: 150 seconds - Sessions per week: Not mentioned - Total programme length: Not mentioned

    M. Samukawa, Masaki Hattori, Naoko Sugama, Naoki Takeda (2011) · Manual Therapy · 10.1016/j.math.2011.07.003
    The effects of dynamic stretching on plantar flexor muscle-tendon tissue properties.
  • Mean workload of 49.2 repetitions; set durations of 15 s, 30 s, 20 s, 25 s, and 40 s.

    David G. Behm, A. Blazevich, A. Kay, M. McHugh (2016) · Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme · 10.1139/apnm-2015-0235
    Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review.
  • 10 sets of 30 seconds each, 15 repetitions per set, 20 seconds rest between sets, total 300 seconds.

    Shingo Matsuo, M. Iwata, M. Miyazaki et al. (2023) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · 10.52082/jssm.2023.626
    Acute and Prolonged Effects of 300 sec of Static, Dynamic, and Combined Stretching on Flexibility and Muscle Force.
  • 10 repetitions within 20 seconds, 10 seconds rest, repeated 6 times per limb, total dosing = 120 seconds per muscle

    Hussain I Younis Aslan, Harsh H. Buddhadev, David N. Suprak, Jun G San Juan (2018) · International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy · 10.26603/IJSPT20180846
    ACUTE EFFECTS OF TWO HIP FLEXOR STRETCHING TECHNIQUES ON KNEE JOINT POSITION SENSE AND BALANCE.
  • 15 repetitions per stretch (5 slow + 10 quick), 2 sets, 5 stretches per set

    Jason R. Jaggers, A. Swank, Karen Frost, Chong D Lee (2008) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181854a3d
    The Acute Effects of Dynamic and Ballistic Stretching on Vertical Jump Height, Force, and Power
  • Frequency of 100•min -1.

    E. Garipi, Viktor Brusnjai, Tijana Aleksandric, Larisa Subic, Dunja Kovacevic, Aleksandar Knežević (2025) · Medicinski pregled · 10.2298/mpns2512278g
    The role of flexibility and joint mobility in injury prevention and their effect on physical performance
Equipment

Equipment is a property of the movement and is authored, never derived from the evidence corpus (docs/research/round2/ROUND2_KNOWN_CORRECTIONS.md §1). This option is 11 catalogue exercises rather than one, and their equipment differs, so none of them speaks for it.

Level and prerequisites
  • Requires strength and coordination for contracting and stretching muscles in a standing position.

    M. Amiri-Khorasani, J. Calleja-González, Mansooreh Mogharabi-Manzari (2016) · Journal of Human Kinetics · 10.1515/hukin-2015-0154
    Acute Effect of Different Combined Stretching Methods on Acceleration and Speed in Soccer Players
  • Requires assistance from another person to perform the passive stretching.

    K. Warneke, Thomas Rabitsch, Patrik Dobert, Jan Wilke (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 10.1007/s00421-024-05495-2
    The effects of static and dynamic stretching on deep fascia stiffness: a randomized, controlled cross-over study
  • Ability to stand, balance, and follow a rhythm; no explicit need for a partner or coaching.

    M. Samukawa, Masaki Hattori, Naoko Sugama, Naoki Takeda (2011) · Manual Therapy · 10.1016/j.math.2011.07.003
    The effects of dynamic stretching on plantar flexor muscle-tendon tissue properties.
  • Requires understanding of how to contract and flex/extend joints (implied coaching).

    Taichi Yamaguchi, K. Ishii (2005) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/15044.1
    EFFECTS OF STATIC STRETCHING FOR 30 SECONDS AND DYNAMIC STRETCHING ON LEG EXTENSION POWER
Progression and regression
  • Large amplitude dynamic stretching as part of a warm-up to enhance performance.

    David G. Behm, A. Chaouachi (2011) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 10.1007/s00421-011-1879-2
    A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance
  • 20 seconds of leg swings, with 10 seconds passive rest.

    P. Żmijewski, P. Lipińska, A. Czajkowska, A. Mróz, Paweł Kapuściński, K. Mazurek (2020) · Journal of Human Kinetics · 10.2478/hukin-2019-0043
    Acute Effects of a Static Vs. a Dynamic Stretching Warm-up on Repeated-Sprint Performance in Female Handball Players
  • Stretching the same muscles as DTR, with each stretch performed slowly and under control for a total of 8 minutes.

    B. Behara, B. Jacobson (2017) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001051
    Acute Effects of Deep Tissue Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretching on Muscular Strength, Power, and Flexibility in Division I Linemen
  • 10 repetitions for each leg, repeated twice, performed alternately.

    N. Vasileiou, Y. Michailidis, Stefanos Gourtsoulis, A. Kyranoudis, A. Zakas (2013) · 10.12922/JSHP.0029.2013
    The acute effect of static or dynamic stretching exercises on speed and flexibility of soccer players
  • 15 repetitions on each side or in full body stretches over 3 repetitions, lasting approximately 30 seconds.

    G. Sorbie, J. Baker, Yaodong Gu, U. Ugbolue (2016) · 10.23937/2469-5718/1510035
    The effect of dynamic and static stretching on golf driving performance
  • 5 minutes, cyclic movements with a cadence of 1-0-1-0 seconds.

    K. Warneke, Thomas Rabitsch, Patrik Dobert, Jan Wilke (2024) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · 10.1007/s00421-024-05495-2
    The effects of static and dynamic stretching on deep fascia stiffness: a randomized, controlled cross-over study
Who should not do this
  • May not increase muscle extensibility.

    J. Slauterbeck, A. Reilly, P. Vacek et al. (2017) · Sports health · 10.1177/1941738117733981
    Characterization of Prepractice Injury Prevention Exercises of High School Athletic Teams
  • Subjects with histories of lower-leg injuries on the right side should not participate in this dynamic stretching protocol.

    M. Samukawa, Masaki Hattori, Naoko Sugama, Naoki Takeda (2011) · Manual Therapy · 10.1016/j.math.2011.07.003
    The effects of dynamic stretching on plantar flexor muscle-tendon tissue properties.
  • If performed incorrectly or at too high an intensity, may cause muscle damage or overwork; should be used with caution to avoid excessive energy expenditure and inhibitory effects on the nervous system.

    Kai Feng (2024) · Frontiers in Sport Research · 10.25236/fsr.2024.060403
    Literature Review of the Effects of Static Stretching and Dynamic Stretching on Jumping Performance in Volleyball Players
Setting, as the studies used it
  • Minimal or home (can be performed unassisted)

    Taichi Yamaguchi, K. Ishii (2005) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/15044.1
    EFFECTS OF STATIC STRETCHING FOR 30 SECONDS AND DYNAMIC STRETCHING ON LEG EXTENSION POWER
  • Facility or specialist (parallel bars)

    Shingo Matsuo, M. Iwata, M. Miyazaki et al. (2023) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · 10.52082/jssm.2023.626
    Acute and Prolonged Effects of 300 sec of Static, Dynamic, and Combined Stretching on Flexibility and Muscle Force.
  • Facility or specialist (custom-made device, partner or assessor)

    T. Siebert, L. Donath, Mischa Borsdorf, N. Stutzig (2020) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003517
    Effect of Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching, and Myofascial Foam Rolling on Range of Motion During Hip Flexion: A Randomized Crossover Trial
  • Minimal (strap, surface to lie on)

    Hussain I Younis Aslan, Harsh H. Buddhadev, David N. Suprak, Jun G San Juan (2018) · International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy · 10.26603/IJSPT20180846
    ACUTE EFFECTS OF TWO HIP FLEXOR STRETCHING TECHNIQUES ON KNEE JOINT POSITION SENSE AND BALANCE.
What the papers compared it with
  • PNF stretching — a paper called these interchangeable
    “and PNF stretching protocols. No protocol is stated as equivalent to” · Sandro R Freitas, Sandro R Freitas, Bruno Mendes et al. (2018) · 10.1111/sms.12957
  • Static stretching — a paper called these interchangeable
    “The paper compares dynamic and static stretching” · J. Slauterbeck, A. Reilly, P. Vacek et al. (2017) · 10.1177/1941738117733981
  • Static stretching — a paper measured this option against it
    “Static stretching (SS” · P. Żmijewski, P. Lipińska, A. Czajkowska, A. Mróz, Paweł Kapuściński, K. Mazurek (2020) · 10.2478/hukin-2019-0043
  • Ballistic stretching — a paper measured this option against it
    “dynamic-ballistic stretching (DS” · P. Żmijewski, P. Lipińska, A. Czajkowska, A. Mróz, Paweł Kapuściński, K. Mazurek (2020) · 10.2478/hukin-2019-0043
  • Foam rolling — a paper measured this option against it
    “Deep tissue foam rolling (DTR” · B. Behara, B. Jacobson (2017) · 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001051
  • PNF stretching — a paper measured this option against it
    “PNF stretching” · C. Dsouza, Neeraj Kumar (2024) · 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20240840
  • Hold-relax — a paper measured this option against it
    “Hold-relax proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (HR-PNF” · Hussain I Younis Aslan, Harsh H. Buddhadev, David N. Suprak, Jun G San Juan (2018) · 10.26603/IJSPT20180846
  • Dynamic warm-up — a paper measured this option against it
    “Dynamic Warm-up (DW” · D. Bishop, G. Middleton (2013) · 10.4100/JHSE.2012.82.07
  • Dynamic warm-up — a paper called these interchangeable
    “dynamic stretching after warm-up” · Nevzad Denerel, M. Ergün, Oğuz Yüksel, Cengizhan Özgürbüz, O. Karamizrak (2019) · 10.5152/tjsm.2019.127

A paper measuring one option against another does not make the two interchangeable, and it does not say which to choose. These are listed as what the papers did, and nothing here proposes a substitution.

Dynamic stretching