Open monitoring
At least one paper behind this review states what this option was measured against. That is not a ranking, and this option carries no evidence profile of its own.
- open monitoringContemplative Practice · 1 paper put it here
Monitor awareness itself without focusing on a specific object or event, allowing experiences to arise without judgment.
Focused attention, open monitoring and loving kindness meditation: effects on attention, conflict monitoring, and creativity – A reviewMonitor experience without focusing on a specific object, emphasizing a release of effort.
Investigating the Phenomenological Matrix of Mindfulness-related Practices from a Neurocognitive PerspectiveParticipants observe bodily sensations non-reactively and non-judgmentally, keeping eyes open. Instructions: Follow each sensation until another arises; do not hold onto or change them.
Open monitoring meditation reduces the involvement of brain regions related to memory function- Posture: Participants sat in a straight position. - Object of attention: Whatever comes into awareness (thoughts, emotions, body sensations). - Instructions given: Pay attention to whatever comes into awareness without judgment or effort to maintain or change it. - Sequence: Rest for 4 minutes, OM meditation for 40 minutes, rest for 4 minutes again. - Duration per element: Rest (4 minutes), OM meditation (40 minutes), rest (4 minutes).
Effortless Attention as a Biomarker for Experienced Mindfulness PractitionersNon-reactive awareness of moment-to-moment experiences without a specific focus.
Measuring a Journey without Goal: Meditation, Spirituality, and PhysiologyNon-reactive observation of ongoing experiences to become aware of cognitive and emotional patterns.
Mindfulness mediates the physiological markers of stress: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Participants generate a state of total openness, maintaining clear awareness and presence without focusing on anything particular. They let thoughts and sensations pass without engagement or rejection.
Differential effects on pain intensity and unpleasantness of two meditation practicesMonitor multiple items or mental contents in parallel without a specific object.
Meditation and Metacontrol
Measured in duration — derived from the review's own dose_and_time prose.
- Minutes per session: 40 minutes (OM meditation) + 4 minutes rest before + 4 minutes rest after = 48 minutes total - Sessions per day or week: Not mentioned - Total program length: Not mentioned
Effortless Attention as a Biomarker for Experienced Mindfulness Practitioners
Equipment is a property of the movement and is authored, never derived from the evidence corpus (docs/research/round2/ROUND2_KNOWN_CORRECTIONS.md §1). This option resolves to no catalogue exercise, so nothing has authored it yet.
Familiarity with FAM is typically a prerequisite.
Focused attention, open monitoring and loving kindness meditation: effects on attention, conflict monitoring, and creativity – A reviewDeveloped monitoring skill, often acquired through initial FA training; implies some level of proficiency in FA as a prerequisite.
Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation
The practice of Open Monitoring (OM) meditation progresses over time as individuals continue to practice, leading to improved attention maintenance, cognitive processes, and emotional regulation. The intensity and lifetime experience of practice contribute to this progression, making it a promising biomarker for experienced mindfulness practitioners.
Effortless Attention as a Biomarker for Experienced Mindfulness Practitioners
The papers behind this option report nothing on contraindications, which is not the same as saying there are none.
Minimal equipment, can be done anywhere.
Focused attention, open monitoring and loving kindness meditation: effects on attention, conflict monitoring, and creativity – A reviewMinimal equipment; can be done anywhere that is quiet and free from distractions; can be delivered in person or potentially through guided audio or an app.
Effortless Attention as a Biomarker for Experienced Mindfulness Practitioners
- MBSR programme — a paper measured this option against it
- Focused attention — a paper measured this option against it“Focused Attention Meditation (FAM” · Masahiro Fujino, Yoshiyuki Ueda, H. Mizuhara, J. Saiki, M. Nomura (2018) · 10.1038/s41598-018-28274-4
- MBSR programme — a paper called these interchangeable“The paper compares MBSR to traditional long-term meditation practices” · R. Gotink, R. Meijboom, M. Vernooij, Marion Smits, M. M. Hunink (2016) · 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.07.001
- Transcendental Meditation — a paper measured this option against it“transcendental meditation (TM” · Darrin J. Lee, E. Kulubya, P. Goldin, A. Goodarzi, F. Girgis (2018) · 10.3389/fnins.2018.00178
- Body scan — a paper measured this option against it
A paper measuring one option against another does not make the two interchangeable, and it does not say which to choose. These are listed as what the papers did, and nothing here proposes a substitution.