← Intellectual
Intellectual: the evidence base
291 studies reviewed for this focus area across Intellectual Wellness. The distinct papers are listed below; a paper reviewed under more than one topic appears once, with each lens noted. Blocks cite key sources from this pool.
Grade mix: A:112 · B:6 · C:29 · D:132 · ungraded:12
147 of 291 studies reviewed at this grade floor · 147 distinct papers
AHe Li, Hyunkyun Ahn, Minhye Shin (2026) · Healthcare · 10.3390/healthcare14050675
AJinglei Song, Zhili Ma, Bingting Luo, Ting Liao, Yong “Tai” Wang, Ziren Zhao, Xin Zheng (2026) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · 10.52082/jssm.2026.381
AHelena Pacheco Helms, et al. (2026) · Brain and Cognition · 10.1016/j.bandc.2026.106444
ASara Pegoraro, L. Veronelli, Francesca Frisco, E. Brattico, Daniele Romano, R. Daini, G. Tosi (2026) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2026.106571
ABruno Santos, Ana Galvão, Ala Silvia (2026) · RIAGE - Revista Ibero-Americana de Gerontologia · 10.61415/riage.512
AAnnachiara Crocetta, J. Manuello, D. Liloia, S. Duca, T. Costa, F. Cauda (2026) · Psychoradiology · 10.1093/psyrad/kkag016
AChristopher E Bauer, Colleen Pappas, Brian T Gold (2026) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1002/alz.71538
AZiyuan Li, Stefano Coretta (2025) · Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 10.1080/13825585.2025.2566699
AS. P. Da Silva, et al. (2025) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102809
AJared F. Benge, Michael K. Scullin (2025) · Nature Human Behaviour · 10.1038/s41562-025-02159-9
AStefano Sacchetti, Giulia Locatelli, D. Altomare, A. Guaita, E. Rolandi (2025) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · 10.1159/000545503
AE. Gkintoni, S. Vassilopoulos, Georgios Nikolaou (2025) · Biomimetics · 10.3390/biomimetics10060397
ASamira Vafa, et al. (2025) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · 10.1111/aphw.12651
AChristian Daniel Navarro-Ramos, et al. (2025) · Brain Science · 10.3390/brainsci15090910
ASonopant Joshi, Mangesh Jabade, Husain Nadaf, Pratik Salve (2025) · Investigación y Educación en Enfermería · 10.17533/udea.iee.v43n3e06
AM. Khalil (2025) · Brain Science · 10.3390/brainsci15010052
AA. Privitera, Siew Hiang Sally Ng, S. Chen (2025) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106281
AFredi Ganda Putra, Ardi Dwi Susandi (2025) · Journal of Life-Span Psychology, Linguistics, and Media Studies · 10.64268/jllm.v1i01.1
AG. Forte, F. Favieri, Ilaria Corbo, I. Chirico, R. Chattat, Anna Maria Della Vedova, A. Pecchinenda, Maria Casagrande (2025) · Journal of Aging Research · 10.1155/jare/4397025
AAdriana DelMedico (2025) · Journal · 10.26685/urncst.724
AA. L. García González, Diego D. Díaz-Guerra, Z. Fernández-Fleites, Y. Broche-Pérez (2025) · Región Científica · 10.58763/rc2025491
AFatemeh Sedghi, et al. (2025) · IBRO Neuroscience Reports · 10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.010
AS. Mendis, M. Welstead, Marcus P J Tan (2025) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106066
ALizhi Guo, Yajing Zhou, Hanna Lu, Helene H. Fung (2025) · Neurobiology of Aging · 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2025.07.016
ATimothy Piton, Una Smailovic, Vesna Jelic, Thomas Koenig, Paul G. Unschuld, Lucie Bréchet (2025) · NeuroImage: Clinical · 10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103929
AS. R. Wahid, Sabir Saheel, Jack Quigley, Arshia Khan (2025) · Studies in Health Technology and Informatics · 10.3233/shti250243
AGabriela Nazar, María-Francisca Cabezas, Daniel Reyes-Molina, Patricia Castillo-Trecán, F. Díaz-Toro, F. Petermann-Rocha (2025) · Health Psychology Review · 10.1080/17437199.2025.2508987
AG. E. Cipriani, Sara Molfese, Fabio Giovannelli, B. Güntekin, Neri Vitali, Rachele Marcato, Martina Amanzio (2025) · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106121
AGiulia D'Alessandro, et al. (2025) · Psychiatry Research · 10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116699
AZeyi Zhang, Tingting Wang, Heng Cao, Longshan Yang, Xue Chen, Yu Han (2025) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · 10.1177/08919887251328880
AA. Cardaio, Merel Keijzer (2025) · Journal of Language and Aging Research · 10.15460/jlar.2025.3.2.1736
AMarika Mauti, Bianca Monachesi, Giovanni Taccari, R. Rumiati (2024) · Brain and Cognition · 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106238
ASusana Sáez-Gutiérrez, et al. (2024) · Behavioral Science · 10.3390/bs14020087
AJi-Woo Seok, Gahye Kim, Jaeuk U. Kim (2024) · Scientific Reports · 10.1038/s41598-024-58232-2
AE. Viola, M. Martorana, D. Ceriotti, M. De Vito, D. De Ambrosi, F. Faggiano (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369066
AYulu Liu, Guangyu Lu, Lin Liu, Yuhang He, Weijuan Gong (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1358992
ASonali Arora, Scott B. Patten, Sabela C. Mallo, C. Lojo-Seoane, A. Felpete, D. Facal-Mayo, A. Pereiro (2024) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102487
AK. Monteiro, et al. (2024) · Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria · 10.5327/cbn241089
AA. Sidenkova (2024) · European psychiatry · 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1417
AA. Privitera, Siew Hiang, S. Ng, S. Chen (2024) · PLoS ONE · 10.1371/journal.pone.0301935
AC. Castro, et al. (2023) · The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging · 10.1007/s12603-023-2046-2
AI. Gómez-Soria, Isabel Iguacel, J. Cuenca-Zaldívar, A. Aguilar-Latorre, P. Peralta-Marrupe, E. Latorre, E. Calatayud (2023) · Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print) · 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105114
AM. Fioranelli, M. Roccia, M. L. Garo (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1232357
AM. T. Carthery-Goulart, A. Privitera, B. Weekes (2023) · American Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Other Dementias · 10.1177/15333175231167223
AJ. Aravena, Jakyung Lee, Anna E Schwartz, Kate Nyhan, Shi-Yi Wang, Becca R Levy (2023) · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 10.1093/gerona/glad237
AIlaria Corbo, Giulia Marselli, Valerio Di Ciero, Maria Casagrande (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · 10.3390/jcm12051759
AJoana O. Pinto, B. Peixoto, A. Dores, F. Barbosa (2023) · Clinical Neuropsychologist · 10.1080/13854046.2023.2200978
AA. Sidenkova, V. Calabrese, M. Tomasello, Tilman Fritsch (2023) · Translational Medicine of Aging · 10.1016/j.tma.2023.11.001
AS. Yun, Seang Ryu (2022) · Iranian Journal of Public Health · 10.18502/ijph.v51i1.8286
AN. Coley, Caroline Giulioli, P. Aisen, B. Vellas, S. Andrieu (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101777
AI. Gómez-Soria, Isabel Iguacel, A. Aguilar-Latorre, P. Peralta-Marrupe, E. Latorre, J. Zaldívar, E. Calatayud (2022) · Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print) · 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104807
AL. Mendes, Joana Oliveira, F. Barbosa, M. Castelo‐Branco (2022) · Frontiers in Aging · 10.3389/fragi.2022.844725
AH. Wiegelmann, Imke Seifert, Marta Lenart-Bugla, M. Łuc, A. Gerhardus, D. Szcześniak, J. Rymaszewska, K. Wolf-Ostermann (2022) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igac059.1708
AM. Vernooij-Dassen, et al. (2022) · medRxiv · 10.1101/2022.06.07.22276079
AAnna Krzeczkowska, D. M. Spalding, W. McGeown, A. Gow, M. Carlson, L. B. Nicholls (2021) · PsyArXiv (preprint) · 10.31234/osf.io/g6qh8
ACaitlin Ware, S. Dautricourt, J. Gonneaud, G. Chételat (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · 10.3389/fnagi.2021.706672
AC. Noble, D. Medin, Zara Quail, Charles Young, M. Carter (2021) · Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine · 10.1177/2333721420986027
AThaís Bento Lima da Silva, et al. (2021) · Dementia & Neuropsychologia · 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-040002
AMonica E. Nelson, Dylan J. Jester, A. Petkus, R. Andel (2021) · Neuropsychology Review · 10.1007/s11065-021-09478-4
ABrendan Hallam, J. Rees, I. Petersen, C. Cooper, C. Avgerinou, K. Walters (2021) · Family Practice · 10.1093/fampra/cmab014
AJinshil Hyun, et al. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · 10.3233/jad-210627
AM. Kivimäki, et al. (2021) · British medical journal · 10.1136/bmj.n1804
APastells-Peiró R, Fernández-Lago H, Rubinat Arnaldo E, Bellon F, Martínez-Soldevila J, Gea-Sánchez M (2021) · BMJ open · 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046544
AJosep Deví Bastida, Noemi Català Suñé, Susanna Jofre Font (2020) · Revista de neurología (Ed. impresa) · 10.33588/rn.7110.2020160
AJ. Brouwer, Floor van den Berg, Remco Knooihuizen, H. Loerts, Merel Keijzer (2020) · Behavioral Science · 10.3390/bs10090132
AAnja Ophey, M. Roheger, Ann-Kristin Folkerts, N. Skoetz, E. Kalbe (2020) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · 10.3389/fnagi.2020.575804
AM. Sanjuán, E. Navarro, M. D. Calero (2020) · European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education · 10.3390/ejihpe10030063
AG. Fusi, S. Lavolpe, M. Crepaldi, M. Rusconi (2020) · Journal of Creative Behavior · 10.1002/jocb.461
ALan Nguyen, K. Murphy, Glenda Andrews (2019) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100912
AAi Iizuka, Hiroyuki Suzuki, S. Ogawa, K. Kobayashi-Cuya, Momoko Kobayashi, T. Takebayashi, Y. Fujiwara (2019) · Geriatrics & Gerontology International · 10.1111/ggi.13671
AS. Walsh, Robert Causer, C. Brayne (2019) · Aging & Mental Health · 10.1080/13607863.2019.1699019
AD. Seblova, Rasmus Berggren, M. Lövdén (2019) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.31219/osf.io/4mf9z
AS. Kim, Ga Eul Yoo (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00151
AM. van den Noort, et al. (2019) · Behavioral Science · 10.3390/bs9070081
AH. M. Gavelin, A. Lampit, Harry Hallock, J. Sabatés, Alex Bahar-Fuchs (2019) · Neuropsychology Review · 10.1007/s11065-020-09434-8
AN. Matyas, et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027719
ABriana N Sprague, S. Freed, C. E. Webb, Christine B. Phillips, Jinshil Hyun, Lesley A Ross (2019) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2019.04.002
AN. Gates, A. Rutjes, M. Di Nisio, S. Karim, L. Chong, E. March, Gabriel Martínez, R. Vernooij (2019) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 10.1002/14651858.cd012278.pub2
AD. Facal, A. Maseda, A. Pereiro, Manuel Gandoy-Crego, L. Lorenzo-López, J. Yanguas, J. Millán-Calenti (2019) · Maturitas · 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.12.006
ADavid Toloza Ramírez, D. Martella (2019) · Revista médica de Chile (Impresa) · 10.4067/s0034-98872019001201594
AR. Best, Laure Freydefont, Alexandra M. Freund (2019) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igz038.2592
AGizem Hueluer, G. Rebok (2019) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igz038.090
AFelix S. Hussenoeder, S. Riedel-Heller (2018) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · 10.1007/s00127-018-1598-7
AM. Butler, et al. (2018) · Annals of Internal Medicine · 10.7326/m17-1531
AA. C. van Loenhoud, C. Groot, J. Vogel, W. M. van der Flier, R. Ossenkoppele (2018) · Alzheimer's Research & Therapy · 10.1186/s13195-018-0408-5
AMia Anthony, F. Lin (2018) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · 10.1093/arclin/acx125
AT. Engeroff, Tobias Ingmann, W. Banzer (2018) · Sports Medicine · 10.1007/s40279-018-0920-6
ACatherine M. Mewborn, C. Lindbergh, L. Stephen Miller (2017) · Neuropsychology Review · 10.1007/s11065-017-9350-8
AM. Lövdén, L. Bäckman, U. Lindenberger (2017) · · 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199372935.003.0019
AN. Matyas, S. Auer, C. Gisinger, Monika Kil, Filiz Keser Aschenberger, Irma Klerings, G. Gartlehner (2017) · Systematic Reviews · 10.1186/s13643-017-0553-0
AN. Mukadam, A. Sommerlad, G. Livingston (2017) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · 10.3233/jad-170131
AJ. Grundy, John A. E. Anderson (2017) · The Winnower · 10.15200/winn.149858.85873
AA. Sommerlad, J. Ruegger, G. Lewis, G. Livingston (2017) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1200
AD. Facal, A. Pereiro, A. Maseda, Manuel Gandoy-Crego, O. Juncos-Rabadán (2017) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.510
ALauren Yates, Shier Ziser, A. Spector, M. Orrell (2016) · International Psychogeriatrics · 10.1017/s1041610216001137
AKelley A. Strout, Daniel David, Elizabeth J Dyer, Robert C. Gray, R. Robnett, E. Howard (2016) · Journal of The American Geriatrics Society · 10.1111/jgs.14129
AJ. N. de Souza-Talarico, A. P. de Carvalho, S. Brucki, R. Nitrini, R. Ferretti-Rebustini (2016) · Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders · 10.1097/wad.0000000000000140
AM. A. Nexø, A. Meng, V. Borg (2016) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · 10.1136/oemed-2016-103550
AE. Hessel (2016) · Anesthesia and Analgesia · 10.1213/ane.0000000000001624
AYindee van Os, M. D. de Vugt, M. V. van Boxtel (2015) · BioMed Research International · 10.1155/2015/438908
AStephanie L. Harrison, A. Sajjad, W. Bramer, M. Ikram, H. Tiemeier, B. Stephan (2015) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · 10.1080/13803395.2014.1002759
AA. Seifan, Matthew W. Schelke, Yaa Obeng-Aduasare, R. Isaacson (2015) · Neuroepidemiology · 10.1159/000439568
AD. Aguirre-Acevedo, Eliana Henao, V. Tirado, C. Muñoz, Diana Giraldo Arango, F. Lopera Restrepo, Fabián Jaimes Barragán (2014) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · 10.1016/j.rcp.2014.02.009
AC. Opdebeeck, A. Martyr, L. Clare (2014) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.1428
AJennifer S. Lin, Elizabeth A. O’Connor, R. Rossom, L. Perdue, Elizabeth Eckstrom (2013) · Annals of Internal Medicine · 10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00730
AJ. Reijnders, C. V. Heugten, M. Boxtel (2013) · Ageing Research Reviews · 10.1016/j.arr.2012.07.003
AXiangfei Meng, C. D’Arcy (2012) · PLoS ONE · 10.1371/journal.pone.0038268
AJohn W. Williams, B. Plassman, J. Burke, T. Holsinger, S. Benjamin (2010) · Evidence report/technology assessment · 10.1037/e554772010-001
ACindy Stern, R. Konno (2009) · JBI library of systematic reviews · 10.11124/01938924-200907080-00001
AT. Bernhardt1, A. Seidler2, L. Frölich1 (2002) · Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie · 10.1055/s-2002-32023
AZenaida Simpson Pomare · · 10.12794/metadc2481327
AMariana de Melo Galdino de Aguiar Andrella · · 10.47749/t/unicamp.2022.1259398
BN. Berardi, Alessandro Sale (2025) · Brain and Environment · 10.1016/j.braen.2025.100010
BC. James, D.M. Müller, C. Müller, Y. van de Looij, E. Altenmuller, M. Kliegel, D. Van de Ville, D. Marie (2024) · Heliyon · 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26674
BElizabeth A. L. Stine-Morrow, et al. (2014) · Psychology and Aging · 10.1037/a0038244
BC. Kilgore (2014) · Caring for The Ages · 10.1016/j.carage.2014.11.002
BP. Gajewski, M. Falkenstein (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00130
BA. Kramer, K. Erickson (2007) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · 10.1016/j.tics.2007.06.009
CV. Velloso, Sofia Latgé-Tovar, Iris Bomilcar, D. Mograbi (2025) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100538
CSasha Novozhilova, Vladimir Fonov MSc, Neda Shafie PhD, Denise Klein MSc, P. Villeneuve, D. L. C. PhD (2025) · medRxiv · 10.1101/2025.11.07.25339777
CN. Cortés-Álvarez, et al. (2025) · Nursing Reports · 10.3390/nursrep15050151
CK. C. Wenzel, M. Van Puymbroeck, Stephen Lewis, Francis McGuire, J. Vidotto (2024) · Educational Gerontology · 10.1080/03601277.2023.2299647
CLuke R. Miller, Ross M. Divers, K. Davis, Ashlyn Runk, Christopher Reed, M. Calamia (2024) · Journal of Applied Gerontology · 10.1177/07334648241302461
CCassandra Dinius, Carmen E. Pocknell, Michelle Caffrey, R. Roche (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1070012
CHsiao-Wen Liao, Li Chu, Laura L Carstensen (2023) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igad104.0322
CA. Caffò, G. Spano, L. Tinella, A. Lopez, Elisabetta Ricciardi, F. Stasolla, A. Bosco (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 10.3390/ijerph19053097
CLeah Ferguson, Debaleena Sain, Esra Kürüm, Carla M. Strickland-Hughes, G. Rebok, R. Wu (2021) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igab046.1997
CJ. Finlay, Wen-Ry Yu, P. Clarke, Mao Lia, S. Judd, Michael H. Esposito (2021) · Wellbeing, Space and Society · 10.1016/j.wss.2021.100040
CM. Sánchez‐Izquierdo, R. Fernández‐Ballesteros (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 10.3390/ijerph18030962
CL. Bransby, R. Buckley, N. Yassi, M. Pase, Y. Lim (2021) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1002/alz.051486
CColette J. Brown, A. Chirino, C. Cortez, Cassandra Gearhart, G. Urizar (2020) · Activities, Adaptation & Aging · 10.1080/01924788.2020.1719584
CEleanor Rivera, Karen B. Hirschman, R. Townsend (2020) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2820
CW. Kremen, et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 10.1073/pnas.1811537116
CI. Akushevich, A. Yashkin, J. Kravchenko, S. Ukraintseva, A. Yashin (2019) · Innovation in aging · 10.1093/geroni/igz038.1800
CD. Chapko, R. McCormack, C. Black, R. Staff, A. Murray (2018) · Aging & Mental Health · 10.1080/13607863.2017.1348471
CAnnie Robitaille, et al. (2018) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.10.003
CMitchell McMaster, L. Clare, Sarang Kim, Susan Torres, K. Anstey (2017) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.06.1797
CM. Lenehan, M. Summers, Nichole L J Saunders, J. Summers, David D. Ward, K. Ritchie, J. Vickers (2016) · Neuropsychology · 10.1037/neu0000249
CNicola Ferreira, A. Owen, A. Mohan, A. Corbett, C. Ballard (2015) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · 10.1002/gps.4155
CM. Wirth, Claudia M. Haase, S. Villeneuve, J. Vogel, W. Jagust (2014) · Neurobiology of Aging · 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.015
CU. Lindenberger (2014) · Science · 10.1126/science.1254403
CYvonne Brehmer, G. Kalpouzos, Elisabeth Wenger, M. Lövdén (2014) · Psychological Research · 10.1007/s00426-014-0587-z
CMiya Narushima, Jian Liu, Naomi Diestelkamp (2013) · Activities, Adaptation & Aging · 10.1080/01924788.2013.816834
CK. Erickson, A. Kramer (2008) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · 10.1136/bjsm.2008.052498
CElizabeth A. L. Stine-Morrow, Jeanine M. Parisi, D. Morrow, J. Greene, Denise C. Park (2007) · The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 10.1093/geronb/62.special_issue_1.62
CA. Kramer, L. Bherer, Stanley J. Colcombe, Willie K. Dong, W. Greenough (2004) · The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 10.1093/gerona/59.9.m940
CK. Schaie (1994) · American Psychologist · 10.1037/0003-066x.49.4.304